{"id":891,"date":"2010-07-28T14:07:56","date_gmt":"2010-07-28T14:07:56","guid":{"rendered":"\/?p=891"},"modified":"2020-01-15T15:50:16","modified_gmt":"2020-01-15T23:50:16","slug":"ground-support-for-high-cover-tunnels-what-is-the-best-method","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.robbinstbm.com\/zh-hans\/ground-support-for-high-cover-tunnels-what-is-the-best-method\/","title":{"rendered":"Ground Support for High Cover Tunnels: What is the Best Method?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><!--:en-->Conditions in high cover tunnels are often challenging.\u00a0 At the Olmos Trans-Andean tunnel, crews face 2,000 m (6,500 ft) of hard quartz porphyry, andesite, and other volcanic rocks under high stress.\u00a0 At two rail tunnels in China\u2019s Gansu Province, open-type machines are boring beneath 1,400 m (4600 ft) of weak phyllite and sandstone.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_895\" style=\"width: 645px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-895\" class=\"size-full wp-image-895\" title=\"Olmos1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/07\/Olmos1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"635\" height=\"400\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-895\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Launch of the Robbins TBM at Peru\u2019s Olmos project, the world\u2019s second deepest tunnel<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Ground support, particularly in deep tunnel projects, is a highly debated topic.\u00a0 However, recent successes have pointed to several systems that work in a variety of situations.\u00a0 The Robbins Main Beam at Olmos was launched in 2007, and began to experience significant rock bursting and cathedralling under sections of high cover.\u00a0 \u201cWe encountered a 1,200 m (4,000 ft) section of highly fractured ground, with over 8,500 recorded rock bursts.\u00a0 Cavities also formed during tunneling that had to be injected with grout,\u201d said John Simm, Robbins Field Service Superintendent.<\/p>\n<p>To better contain the fractured rock, the machine\u2019s roof shield fingers were removed and replaced with the McNally Support System, supplied by C&amp;M McNally Engineering of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.\u00a0 The McNally support System provides the benefit of continuous support along the roof area of the tunnel, which protects workers from falling rock.\u00a0 The system works by replacing the curved finger shield plate for a curved assembly of pockets with rectangular cross-sections.\u00a0 Steel or wood slats are extruded from the pockets and bolted to the tunnel crown using a steel strap, effectively supporting and minimizing collapsing ground.\u00a0 As the machine advances, slats are reloaded into the pockets.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_896\" style=\"width: 645px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-896\" class=\"size-full wp-image-896\" title=\"Olmos2\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/07\/Olmos2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"635\" height=\"400\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-896\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">McNally slats supporting rock in the Olmos Trans-Andean Tunnel<\/p><\/div>\n<p>The below video shows the crew loading McNally slats into the pockets:<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Olmos McNally Install\" width=\"500\" height=\"375\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/USRQUr0-kmo?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><!--<object width=\"425\" height=\"350\" classid=\"clsid:d27cdb6e-ae6d-11cf-96b8-444553540000\" codebase=\"http:\/\/download.macromedia.com\/pub\/shockwave\/cabs\/flash\/swflash.cab#version=6,0,40,0\"><param name=\"src\" value=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/v\/USRQUr0-kmo\" \/><embed type=\"application\/x-shockwave-flash\" width=\"425\" height=\"350\" src=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/v\/USRQUr0-kmo\" \/>\u00a0<\/object>--><\/p>\n<p>The system successfully contained numerous high-pressure rock bursts at Olmos, as seen in the below video courtesy of Dean Brox from Hatch Mott MacDonald:<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Olmos Rock Bursting_edited.flv\" width=\"500\" height=\"375\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Nn79zHg8yvE?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><!--<object width=\"425\" height=\"350\" classid=\"clsid:d27cdb6e-ae6d-11cf-96b8-444553540000\" codebase=\"http:\/\/download.macromedia.com\/pub\/shockwave\/cabs\/flash\/swflash.cab#version=6,0,40,0\"><param name=\"src\" value=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/v\/Nn79zHg8yvE\" \/><embed type=\"application\/x-shockwave-flash\" width=\"425\" height=\"350\" src=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/v\/Nn79zHg8yvE\" \/><\/object>--><\/p>\n<p>For the machines at China\u2019s West Qinling tunnels, the answer is a versatile ground support system that can be adapted depending on the ground conditions.\u00a0 The two 10.2 m (33.5 ft) diameter Main Beam TBMs are the first Robbins Main Beam machines built with specialized ground support and no finger shields.\u00a0 Instead of the roof fingers, the machines are designed with mesh pockets beneath a protective shield for workers to safely install mesh panels.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_897\" style=\"width: 645px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-897\" class=\"size-full wp-image-897\" title=\"WQinling1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/07\/WQinling1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"635\" height=\"400\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-897\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Assembly of two Robbins Main Beams with specialized ground support at China\u2019s West Qinling Tunnels<\/p><\/div>\n<p>The machines can also use the McNally Support System if needed.\u00a0 Modified pockets can be bolted inside the mesh windows, allowing space for short slats of steel or wood.<\/p>\n<p>In addition, streamlined materials handling and separate roof and probe drills allow for improved progress in high cover conditions.\u00a0 Redesigned ring beam installers allow for loose assembly and expansion against the tunnel walls, and can be easily converted to install steel straps rather than full rings.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_898\" style=\"width: 645px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-898\" class=\"size-full wp-image-898\" title=\"Wqinling2\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/07\/Wqinling2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"635\" height=\"400\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-898\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Materials including ring beams and mesh panels are transported on a remotely operated carriage, requiring fewer transfer points<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Both machines are currently excavating 16.6 km (10.3 mi) long rail tunnels.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_899\" style=\"width: 645px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-899\" class=\"size-full wp-image-899\" title=\"WQinling3\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/07\/WQinling3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"635\" height=\"400\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-899\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The two 10.2 m (33.5 ft) TBMs were launched in June and July 2010<\/p><\/div>\n<p>For more information on ground support in large diameter tunnels, check out this recent technical paper: <a href=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/07\/Large-Diameter-TBMs_WTC2010.pdf\">Large Diameter TBMs_WTC2010<\/a><!--:--><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><!--:en-->Conditions in high cover tunnels are often challenging.  At the Olmos Trans-Andean tunnel, crews face 2,000 m (6,500 ft) of hard quartz porphyry, andesite, and other volcanic rocks under high stress.  At two rail tunnels in China\u2019s Gansu Province, open-type machines are boring beneath 1,400 m (4600 ft) of weak phyllite and sandstone.<!--:--><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":1356,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[1,35],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-891","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","category-redefining-the-industry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Ground Support for High Cover Tunnels: What is the Best Method? - Robbins<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.robbinstbm.com\/ground-support-for-high-cover-tunnels-what-is-the-best-method\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ground Support for High Cover Tunnels: What is the Best Method? - Robbins\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Conditions in high cover tunnels are often challenging. 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